修辞学情境可以分为以下五大类： ① 目的：为什么要写这篇文章或画这幅漫画？它想要告诉人们什么信息？它想指导哪些特定人群？它想取悦哪些人？ ② 读者：谁会看到这个作品？谁会受它的影响而产生动力去做某件事？ ③ 文体：这件作品属于什么类型? ④ 立场：这件作品代表什么观点？这些观点如何符合作者当时所处的环境或读者现在所处的环境？ ⑤ 媒介：这件作品采用什么形式、手段和技巧与读者进行交流？
为了展示逻辑学分析文章的不同部分的示例，下面从这篇发表在Online Writing Lab（“在线写作实验室”）网站的位于纽约州奥尔巴尼的Excelsior大学的修辞学分析文章中摘录一些内容，甚至包括有用的评论。这篇文章分析的是一篇关于人们应该还是不应该购买iPad平板电脑的文章。如果你希望获得更多的示例，以便能够建立自己的修辞学分析模板，还可以阅读一篇关于Nabokov’s Lolita的文章，以及Anne Lamott在其写作指导书《Bird by Bird（一只鸟接一只鸟）》中撰写的“Shitty First Drafts（糟糕的初稿）”一章。
Cory Doctorow’s article on BoingBoing is an older review of the iPad, one of Apple’s most famous products. At the time of this article, however, the iPad was simply the latest Apple product to hit the market and was not yet so popular. Doctorow’s entire career has been entrenched in and around technology. He got his start as a CD-ROM programmer and is now a successful blogger and author. He is currently the co-editor of the BoingBoing blog on which this article was posted. One of his main points in this article comes from Doctorow’s passionate advocacy of free digital media sharing. He argues that the iPad is just another way for established technology companies to control our technological freedom and creativity. In “Why I Won’t Buy an iPad (and Think You Shouldn’t, Either)” published on Boing Boing in April of 2010, Cory Doctorow successfully uses his experience with technology, facts about the company Apple, and appeals to consumer needs to convince potential iPad buyers that Apple and its products, specifically the iPad, limit the digital rights of those who use them by controlling and mainstreaming the content that can be used and created on the device.
One example of Doctorow’s position is his comparison of Apple’s iStore to Wal-Mart. This is an appeal to the consumer’s logic—or an appeal to logos. Doctorow wants the reader to take his comparison and consider how an all-powerful corporation like the iStore will affect them. An iPad will only allow for apps and programs purchased through the iStore to be run on it; therefore, a customer must not only purchase an iPad but also any programs he or she wishes to use. Customers cannot create their own programs or modify the hardware in any way.
Overall, Doctorow makes a good argument about why there are potentially many better things to drop a great deal of money on instead of the iPad. He gives some valuable information and facts that consumers should take into consideration before going out to purchase the new device. He clearly uses rhetorical tools to help make his case, and, overall, he is effective as a writer, even if, ultimately, he was ineffective in convincing the world not to buy an iPad.
通过重复你的特质来结束你的文章 “During my high school years, my qualities of leadership, initiative, and hard work have helped shape me to become the strong student I am today. As the head of our school’s volunteer group, I showed that even a teenager can make a big impact. As a student achieving high grades in all three of my AP courses, I demonstrated my dedication to education about all. Finally, as a daughter of working-class immigrant parents, I have used my value of hard work to achieve things my parents never thought possible. These values have contributed to making me the conscientious and successful student and person I am now, and they will surely continue to assist and guide me in my academic and professional career.”
Appendices 附录 在这个部分，我们应该包括正文中未出现的大篇幅数据等支持性信息。这可能包括表格、图表、问卷调查、或谈话记录等。同时，我们在正文中引用appendix的时候，一定要注意标记好。比如：In order to assess the popularity of this change, a questionnaire (Appendix 2) was distributed to 60 employees. The results (Appendix 3) suggest the change is well received by the majority of employees.
读者 1）Have I clearly identified who my readers are? 我是否清楚地确定了我的读者是谁？ 2）Do I know their prior knowledge about the topic? 我是否了解他们对该主题现有的认识？ 3）Have I identified what they need to know? 我确定了他们需要知道的内容吗？ 4）Will they understand my vocabulary? 他们是否可以理解我在文中所使用的词汇？
内容 1）Have I used a variety of information sources? 我是否使用了多种信息来源？ 2）Are my sources relevant, credible, current, and referenced appropriately? 我采用的文献是否是最新的、相关，并且是可信的？ 引用格式是否正确？ 3）Do I have a clear objective that has been met? 我有一个明确的目标吗？我是否达到了这个目标。 4）Can I put some of my data in the Appendices? 我可以将一些数据放在附录中吗？ 5）Have I been specific enough – using specific contexts, terms, and figures? 我的表达是否具体，我是否了使用了具体的上下文、专业术语和数字？ 6）Do my conclusions and recommendations flow logically from my findings and discussions? 我的结论和建议是否符合我的调查结果和讨论？ 7）If the report was written as a group do I (and other group members) understand all the content? 如果报告是小组作业，我（和其他小组成员）是否了解所有内容？
语言和写作风格 1）Have I used strong, clear, and short introductions, main points, and conclusions? 引言、主体段落和结论是否有力和清晰？ 2）Do I have just one main idea per paragraph? 每个段落是否只有一个中心思想？ 3）Do I have a clear topic sentence for every paragraph? 每个段落是否都有一个清楚的topic sentence? 4）Have I been objective? – that is have I used the third person and the appropriate level of formality (no contractions, slang, emotional language)? 我的表达方式是否正式客观？我是否使用了第三人称和正式的学术写作？（没有使用缩略词、俚语和富有情感的语言？）
格式 1）Have I been consistent in my use of headings, fonts, punctuation, bold, bullet points, italics, abbreviations, acronyms, numbering? 我在标题、字体、标点符号、字体加粗、斜体、缩写、首字母缩略词和数字排序的格式上是否一致？ 2）Does my presentation overall assist the reader in making the report easy to follow? 我的报告表达是否流畅，读者是否可以轻松地阅读我的报告？
